大学英语如何读写教程1？

大学英语读写教程1可以手机在线读。《新视野·大学英语读写教程学习手册1》编写严谨，题材广泛，内容丰富，国内高校纷纷选用。由于该教材选材涉及文化习俗、伦理道德、信息技术、科学教育、社会焦点等各个方面，学习起来会有一定的难度。

《新视野·大学英语读写教程学习手册1》是教育部“面向21世纪振兴行动计划”的重点工程“新世纪网络课程建设工程”项目之一。

大学英语读写教程1介绍

各教程自成一体，又相互联系，在巩固和强化专项能力的同时提高学生的语言综合应用能力。丰富的主题内容教材内容以主题为线索，涉及文化交流、道德情感、信息技术、科学教育、社会焦点等各个方面。

选材注重信息性、趣味性、时代感和文化内涵，有助于开拓视野，培养人文素质和文化意识。

全新版大学英语综合教程第二册第7单元课文详解

《大学计算机基础实验教程》是《大学计算机基础教程》的配套实验教材，是以计算机硬件基础、Windows XP操作系统和办公软件Office 2003为环境编写的实验指导书，全书共分10章。在实验内容的组织上填补了大学计算机课程教学内容扩展后而缺少的计算机软硬件、网页制作（FrontPage 2003）、数据库（Access 2003）、多媒体技术和计算机信息与安全技术等相应实验内容。

针对目前大学生在初中、高中相应阶段普遍学习过“计算机信息技术”课程，因此我们将同学们在一定基础的办公软件Office 2003放在一章来进行介绍，在每个实验内容的组织上我们安排了既能反映学生应掌握的基础实验内容，又有一定的扩充和尝试的实验内容。

本书的每个实验采用“实验目的与要求”、“预备知识”和“实验内容与步骤”的格式来进行组织和安排。既有实验的理论知识，又有实验的内容与步骤，是一本理论与实验相结合的、简洁、高效、易懂、易用、可操作性强和独立性强的实验指导书。因此，本书既可作为《大学计算机基础教程》的配套实验指导书，也可作为独立教材使用。

本书由李敬兆、王一春、常筠、吴多淮、罗跃惠、王从容、陆士军等老师共同编写，由李敬兆教授统编定稿。

全新版大学英语综合教程第二册第7单元课文详解

　导语：英语是世界上最广泛的第一语言，因此我们从小就开始学习英语，下面是一篇关于学习英语的英语课文，欢迎大家来学习。

Learning about English

　Part I Pre-Reading Task

　Listen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:

　1. What is the passage about?

　2. What's your impression of the English language?

　3. Can you give one or two examples to illustrate(说明)the messiness of the English language?

　4. Can you guess what the texts in this unit are going to be about?

　The following words in the recording may be new to you:

　eggplant

　n. 茄子

　pineapple

　n. 菠萝

　hamburger

　n. 汉堡牛肉饼，汉堡包

　Part II

　Text?

　Some languages resist the introduction of new words. Others, like English, seem to welcome them. Robert MacNeil looks at the history of English and comes to the conclusion that its tolerance for change represents deeply rooted ideas of freedom.

　THE GLORIOUS MESSINESS OF ENGLISH

　Robert MacNeil

　The story of our English language is typically one of massive stealing from other languages. That is why English today has an estimated vocabulary of over one million words, while other major languages have far fewer.

　French, for example, has only about 75,000 words, and that includes English expressions like snack bar and hit parade. The French, however, do not like borrowing foreign words because they think it corrupts their language. The government tries to ban words from English and declares that walkman is not desirable; so they invent a word, balladeur, which French kids are supposed to say instead ? but they don't.

　Walkman is fascinating because it isn't even English. Strictly speaking, it was invented by the Japanese manufacturers who put two simple English words together to name their product. That doesn't bother us, but it does bother the French. Such is the glorious messiness of English. That happy tolerance, that willingness to accept words from anywhere, explains the richness of English and why it has become, to a very real extent, the first truly globallanguage.

　How did the language of a small island off the coast of Europe become the language of the planet ? more widely spoken and written than any other has ever been? The history of English is present in the first words a child learns about identity (I, me, you); possession (mine, yours); the body (eye, nose, mouth); size (tall, short); and necessities (food, water). These words all come from Old English or Anglo-Saxon English, the core of our language. Usually short and direct, these are words we still use today for the things that really matter to us.

　Great speakers often use Old English to arouse our emotions. For example, during World War II, Winston Churchill made this speech, stirring the courage of his people against Hitler's armies positioned to cross the English Channel: "We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender."

　Virtually every one of those words came from Old English, except the last ? surrender, which came from Norman French. Churchill could have said, "We shall never give in," but it is one of the lovely ? and powerful ? opportunities of English that a writer can mix, for effect, different words from different backgrounds. Yet there is something direct to the heart that speaks to us from the earliest words in our language.

　When Julius Caesar invaded Britain in 55 B.C., English did not exist. The Celts, who inhabited the land, spoke languages that survive today mainly as Welsh. Where those languages came from is still a mystery, but there is a theory.

　Two centuries ago an English judge in India noticed that several words in Sanskrit closely resembled some words in Greek and Latin. A systematic study revealed that many modern languages descended from a commonparent language, lost to us because nothing was written down.

　Identifying similar words, linguists have come up with what they call an Indo-European parent language, spoken until 3500 to 2000 B.C. These people had common words for snow, bee and wolf but no word for sea. So some scholars assume they lived somewhere in north-central Europe, where it was cold. Traveling east, some established the languages of India and Pakistan, and others drifted west toward the gentler climates of Europe, Some who made the earliest move westward became known as the Celts, whom Caesar's armies found in Britain.

　New words came with the Germanic tribes ? the Angles, the Saxons, etc. ? that slipped across the North Sea to settle in Britain in the 5th century. Together they formed what we call Anglo-Saxon society.

　The Anglo-Saxons passed on to us their farming vocabulary, including sheep, ox, earth, wood, field and work. They must have also enjoyed themselves because they gave us the word laughter.

　The next big influence on English was Christianity. It enriched the Anglo-Saxon vocabulary with some 400 to 500 words from Greek and Latin, including angel, disciple and martyr.

　Then into this relatively peaceful land came the Vikings from Scandinavia. They also brought to English many words that begin with sk, like sky and skirt. But Old Norse and English both survived, and so you can rear a child (English) or raise a child (Norse). Other such pairs survive: wish and want, craft and skill, hide and skin. Each such addition gave English more richness, more variety.

　Another flood of new vocabulary occurred in 1066, when the Normans conquered England. The country now had three languages: French for the nobles, Latin for the churches and English for the common people. With three languages competing, there were sometimes different terms for the same thing. For example, Anglo-Saxons had the word kingly, but after the Normans, royal and sovereign entered the language as alternatives. The extraordinary thing was that French did not replace English. Over three centuries English gradually swallowed French, and by the end of the 15th century what had developed was a modified, greatly enriched language ? Middle English ? with about 10,000 "borrowed" French words.

　Around 1476 William Caxton set up a printing press in England and started a communications revolution. Printing brought into English the wealth of new thinking that sprang from the European Renaissance. Translations of Greek and Roman classics were poured onto the printed page, and with them thousands of Latin words like capsule and habitual, and Greek words like catastrophe and thermometer. Today we still borrow from Latin and Greek to name new inventions, like video, television and cyberspace.

　As settlers landed in North America and established the United States, English found itself with two sources ? American and British. Scholars in Britain worried that the language was out of control, and some wanted to set up an academy to decide which words were proper and which were not. Fortunately their idea has never been put into practice.

　That tolerance for change also represents deeply rooted ideas of freedom. Danish scholar Otto Jespersen wrote in 1905, "The English language would not have been what it is if the English had not been for centuries great respecters of the liberties of each individual and if everybody had not been free to strike out new paths for himself."

　I like that idea. Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and rights of man in the modern world. The first shoots sprang up in England, and they grew stronger in America. The English-speaking peoples have defeated all efforts to build fences around their language.

　Indeed, the English language is not the special preserve of grammarians, language police, teachers, writers or the intellectual elite. English is, and always has been, the tongue of the common man.

New Words and expressions

　messiness

　n. 杂乱状况

　messy a.

　massive

　a. large in scale, amount, or degree 大量的，大规模的

　vocabulary

　n. 词汇(量)

　snack▲

　n. a small meal 快餐，点心

　snack bar

　快餐柜，小吃店

　parade

　n. 游行;阅兵队列

　hit parade

　a weekly listing of the current best-selling pop records 流行唱片目录

　corrupt▲

　vt. cause errors to appear in; cause to act dishonestly in return for personal gains 讹用，使(语言)变得不标准;腐蚀，贿赂

　ban

　vt. forbid (sth.) officially 禁止，取缔

　walkman

　n. a small cassette player 随身听

　strictly speaking

　严格地讲

　invent

　vt. 发明

　invention n.

　fascinating

　a. of great interest or attraction 迷人的，有极大吸引力的

　manufacturer

　n. 制造商

　product

　n. 产品

　tolerance

　n. 容忍，宽容;忍耐

　to a (very real, certain, etc.) extent

　to the degree specified 在(极大，某种)程度上

　necessity

　n. 必需品;必要(性)

　Anglo-Saxon

　n. 盎格鲁?萨克逊人

　arouse

　vt. provoke (a particular feeling or attitude) 唤起，激起

　channel

　n. 海峡;渠道;频道

　surrender

　v. give in 投降

　virtually

　ad. for the most part, almost 差不多，几乎

　invade

　vt. enter with armed forces 侵入，侵略

　Celt

　n. 凯尔特人

　inhabit▲

　vt. live in (a place) 居住于

　Welsh

　a., n. 威尔士语(的)，威尔士人的

　mystery

　n. 神秘的事物

　Sanskrit

　n. 梵语

　resemble

　vt. be like or similar to 与?相似

　Greek

　n. 希腊语

　Latin

　n. 拉丁语

　systematic

　a. done according to a system 有系统的

　descend

　vi. come down (from a source); go down 起源于;下来

　linguist

　n. a person who studies languages 语言学家

　Indo-European

　a. 印欧语系的

　wolf

　n. 狼

　scholar

　n. 学者

　establish

　vt. cause to be, set up 建立，确立

　drift

　vi. move or go somewhere in a slow casual way 漂泊

　climate

　n. (an area or a region with) a regular pattern of weather conditions 气候(区)

　Germanic

　a. 日耳曼(人)的，日耳曼语的，德国(人)的

　tribe▲

　n. 部落

　pass (sth.) on to (sb.)

　hand or give (sth.) to (sb.) 将?传给?

　influence

　n. 影响

　Christianity

　n. 基督教

　Christian

　a. 基督教的

　n. 基督教徒

　disciple

　n. 信徒，门徒

　martyr

　n. 殉难者，烈士

　Norse

　n. (古)斯堪的纳维亚语

　addition

　n. a person or thing added 增加的人(或物)

　Norman

　n., a. 诺曼人(的.)，诺曼语(的)，诺曼文化的

　conquer

　v. take possession and control by force; defeat 征服

　kingly

　a. 国王(般)的

　royal

　a. 国王或女王的;皇家的

　sovereign▲

　a. (of power) without limit, highest; (of a nation) fully independent 拥有最高统治权的，至高无上的;拥有主权的

　alternative

　n. one of two or more possibilities 供选择的东西

　modify

　vt. change slightly 修改，更改

　enrich▲

　vt. make rich or richer; improve 使富裕，使丰富

　Renaissance▲

　n. (欧洲14-16世纪的)文艺复兴

　translation

　n. 译本，译文;翻译

　Roman

　a. 古罗马的，拉丁语的

　classic

　n. a work of art recognized as having lasting value 经典作品

　capsule▲

　n. 密封小容器;胶囊;航天舱

　habitual

　a. done as a habit, regular, usual 惯常的

　catastrophe▲

　n. a sudden great disaster 大灾难

　thermometer

　n. 温度计

　video

　n., a. 录像(的)

　cyberspace

　n. the notional environment in which communication over computer networks occurs 网络空间，虚拟空间

　independent

　a. not controlled by other people or things 独立的，自主的

　source

　n. 源，来源

　out of control

　失去控制，不受约束

　academy

　n. 学会，学院，研究院

　fortunately

　ad. by good luck 幸运地，幸亏

　put into practice

　将?付诸实施

　Danish

　a. 丹麦(人)的，丹麦语的

　liberty

　n. freedom 自由

　strike out

　create, produce 创造，开创

　cultural

　a. of or involving culture 文化的

　nourish▲

　vt. 滋养，培育

　preserve

　n. 独占的地区或范围;禁猎地

　vt. keep from harm, damage, etc., protect; save 保护，保存

　grammarian

　n. 语法学家

　intellectual

　n., a. 知识分子(的)

　elite▲

　n. the group regarded as the best (总称)出类拔萃的人，精英

Proper Names

　Robert MacNeil

　罗伯特?麦克尼尔

　Winston Churchill

　温斯顿?丘吉尔(1874 ? 1965，英国政治家、首相)

　Hitler

　希特勒(1889 ? 1945，纳粹德国元首)

　Julius Caesar

　尤利乌斯?凯撒(100 ? 44BC，古罗马将军、政治家)

　Britain

　英国

　India

　印度

　Pakistan

　巴基斯坦

　Viking

　(8 ? 10世纪时劫掠欧洲西北海岸的)北欧海盗

　Scandinavia

　斯堪的纳维亚

　England

　英格兰

　William Caxton

　威廉?卡克斯顿(英国印刷商、翻译家)

　Otto Jespersen

　奥托?叶斯柏森(1860 ? 1943)

Language sense Enhancement

　1. Read aloud paragraphs 17-19 and learn by heart.

　2. Read aloud the following poem:

　Languages

　Carl Sandbury

　There are no handles upon a language

　Whereby men take hold of it

　And mark it with signs for its remembrance.

　It is a river, this language,

　once in a thousand years

　Breaking a new course

　Changing its way to the ocean.

　It is a mountain effluvia

　Moving to valleys

　And from nation to nation

　Crossing borders and mixing.

　3. Read the following quotations. Learn them by heart if you can. You might need to look up new words in a dictionary.

　The English language is the sea which receives tributaries from every region under heaven.

　? Ralph Waldo Emerson

　Language ought to be the joint creation of poets and manual workers.

　? Georqe Orwell

　England and America are two countries separated by the same language.

　? Georqe Bernard Shaw

　4. Read the following joke and see if you can tell what caused the misunderstanding of the technician's words by the woman. You might need to look up new words in a dictionary.

　An office technician got a call from a user. The user told the technician that her computer was not working. She described the problem and the technician concluded that the computer needed to be brought in and serviced.

　He told her to "Unplug the power cord and bring it up here and I will fix it."

　about fifteen minutes later she showed up at his door with the power cord in her hand.

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